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RULES AND REGULATIONS 



OF THE 



Paris Universal Exposition 

OF 1878. 



TRANSLATED FROM THE ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS 



BY 



I. 1_ LERSNER 



Representative of numerous American Manufacturers, Inven- 
S tors and Patentees for the Exhibition and Sale of 

American Machinery, Manufactures 
and Products in France. 




Entered according to Act of Congress in the year one thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven, by 

I. L. LERSNER, 
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. 












NEW Y O R K : 

April, 1877. 



/ 
/ 



CARD. 



The Universal Exhibition at Paris, in 1878, offers a most favorable 
opportunity for the introduction of American Manufactures and Products 
in the French Market. 

From my knowledge of business in France I can confidently pre- 
dict that persons who are intelligently and conscientiously represented at the 
Exhibition, will quickly gain a footing for the permanent and steady 
sale of their goods throughout the French Republic. 

I have been engaged in business in Paris for the last three years, 
and feel sure, that if you will intrust your interests to my personal care 
during as well as after the exhibition, you will be entirely satisfied with 
the result. 

Besides satisfactory references in New York and Paris, I have 
been honored with letters of recommendation from 

Hon, E, B. WASHBURNE, U. S. Minister to France, 
Genl. A T. A. TORBERT, U. S. Consul General at Paris, 
and others 

Respectfully, 

I. L. LERSNER, 

Box 245 Post Office, 
86—88 Worth Strekt, 

New York, April, 1877, 



RULES AND REGULATIONS 



PARIS UNIVERSAL EXPOSITION OF 1878. 



I. 
GENERAL REGULATIONS. 

ARTICLE I. 

In accordance with the decree issued by the Marshal-President of the 
French Republic upon the proposition of the Minister of Agriculture and 
Commerce and the Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts, a Uni- 
versal Exhibition shall be opened in Paris on the first day of May, 
1878, and closed 07t the 31st day of October following. 

ARTICLE 2. 

The Exhibition will receive Works of Art, Manufactures and Agricul- 
tural Products of all Nations. It shall be held on the Champ de Mars and 
on the height of the Trocadero. 

In front of the Palace of the Champ de Mars and on the sides of the 
Trocadero, parks and gardens will be laid out for the reception of living 
animals and plants. 

Such products as cannot be accommodated in the principal buildings 
may be placed in the parks and gardens in buildings to be specially erected. 

ARTICLE 3 to 6. 
Refer to French Exhibitors only. 

ARTICLE 7. 

The foreign commissions or their delegates are requested to enter into 
communication with the Commissioner General as soon as possible. - Each 
delegate shall be empowered to settle all such questions as may interest 
his countrymen, and particularly those relating to the division of the space 
and the arrangement of the sections, &c. The Commissioner General will, 
therefore, not correspond directly with any individual exhibitor. 



ARTICLE 8. 

The Commissioner General holds at the disposition of the foreign com- 
missions, or their delegates, such information and plans as may be useful 
to them for their installation ; they will thus become acquainted with the 
circulation about the buildings, public order, &c, to which they shall have 
to conform. 

No exchanges of space between one country and another shall take 
place without the mediation of the Commissioner General. 

ARTICLE 9. 

The objects exhibited in the space allotted to any one nation shall be 
subdivided into nine groups, as follows : — 
1st Group. Works of Art. 
2nd " Education, Instruction — Material and Processes of the 

Liberal Arts. 
3rd " Furniture and Trimmings. 

4th " Woven Goods. Clothing and Trimmings. 

5th " Raw and Manufactured Products. ("Industries Ex- 

tractives.") 
6th " Tools and Processes of Mechanical Industries. 

7th " Alimentary Products. 

8th " Agriculture and Pisciculture. 

9th " Horticulture. 

Each of these groups shall be divided into classes, according to the 
system of general classification below, where the articles comprised in 
each class will be found concisely enumerated. 

ARTICLE 10. 

A complete and methodical catalogue will be issued, containing a list of 
the products of every nation, their places in the palace, parks or gardens, 
and the names of exhibitors. Any nation may, at its own expense, issue 
a special catalogue of its products exhibited, but in its own language only. 

ARTICLE 11. 

No work of art or product exhibited shall be copied, or reproduced, or 
drawn in any shape whatever, without the consent of the exhibitor. As 
to the taking of general views the Commissioner General alone can give 
permission. 

ARTICLE 12. 

Articles not patented in France, and Trade Marks, will be protected 
according to the law quoted hereafter. (Appendix A.) 




ARTICLE 13. 

No article can be withdrawn before the closing of the Exhibition with- 
out the permission of the Commissioner General. 

ARTICLE 14. 

No rent will be charged to any Exhibitor for the space his goods may 
occupy ; suitable platforms will also be furnished free in all parts of the 
Palace, except the Machinery Section, in which all the expense of setting 
up the machines, &c, will have to be borne by the Exhibitor, as well as 
the expense of ornamentation', ceilings and the like, of all exhibitions 
without distinction, in all parts. 



II. 

SPECIAL RULES FOR FINE ARTS. 

ARTICLE 15. 
All works executed since May 1st, 1867. shall be admitted. 

ARTICLE 16. 

These works comprise 7 species, as follows : 

1. Paintings. 

2. Drawings, Aquarelles, Past-els, Miniatures, Enamel, Porcelanes, 
Stained Window Glass, except such as is merely ornamental. 

3. Sculpture. 

4. Engraved Medals, Precious Stones, &c. 

5. Architecture. 

6. Engravings. 

7. Lithography. 

ARTICLE 17. 
The following are excluded : 

1. Copies, even such as do not quite imitate the originals. 

2. Pictures or Drawings not framed. 

3. Sculpture in Earth not baked (non cuite). 

ARTICLE 19. 
A special jury shall decide the admissibility of Art Works. 



6 

ARTICLE 19 
Is unimportant. 

ARTICLE 20, 

There shall be formed an International Jury of Awards; the number 
and nature of the awards will be determined on in due time. 

ARTICLE 21. 

Special accommodations shall be provided for Ancient Paintings and 
Works of Retrospective Art. Special Jury. 

III. 

SPECIAL RULES FOR INDUSTRIAL ARTS AND 
AGRICULTURE. 

ARTICLE 22. 
All articles in these classes are admitted except the following : 

ARTICLE 23. 

All detonating and fulminating matter, and generally all dangerous 
substances. 

Spirits, Alcohol, Oils, Essences, Corrosive matter, and generally such 
substances as may affect other goods or incommode the public, must be 
inclosed in suitable and solid vessels. 

Percussion Caps and the like, Fireworks, Chemicals, Matches and other 
similar articles, can only be admitted in the form of imitations and with- 
out any inflammable matter. 

ARTICLE 24. 

Exhibitors of articles which are inconvenient or unhealthy, must at all 
times conform to any sanitary regulation that may be established. 

ARTICLE 25. 

The Commissioner General shall have the indisputable right to order 
the withdrawal of such articles as may seem to him deleterious to health, 
or incompatible with the object of the Exhibition. 

ARTICLE 26. 
Refers to French Exhibitors only. 



/ 

ARTICLE 27. 

Persons who wish to erect Machines must state in their applications for 
space whether they are driven by water, gas or steam, how much of each, 
or either, they require, and the rapidity at which each machine should be 
driven. 

ARTICLE 28 

The water, gas, steam or motive power used in the Machinery Section 
will be furnished free of charge, but from the main shaft only ; connections 
are at the expense of the Exhibitor. 

ARTICLE 2q, 

An International Prize Jury shall be formed. The sum of one and a 
half million Francs is set aside for prizes. 



IV. 
MANAGEMENT AND POLICE ARRANGEMENTS 

ARTICLE 30. 

Exhibits can only be made in the name of the person who signs the ap- 
plication for space. This rule will be strictly adhered to. 

ARTICLE 31. 

Exhibitors are allowed to inscribe after their own names, the names ot 
those persons who may have in any way or shape contributed to the merits 
of the articles exhibited. 

ARTICLE 32. 

They are also earnestly requested to indicate the price ot their articles, 
so as to facilitate the labors of the Jury and for the information of the 
visitors. 

ARTICLE 33. 

Articles sold cannot be removed from the Exhibition before its close 
without special permission from the Commissioner General. 

ARTICLE 34. 
Proper measures shall be taken to prevent damage to merchandise; but 



8 

in no case will the government be responsible for accidents, fires or other 
damages from whatever cause they may occur. Exhibitors may insure 
their goods if they think proper. 

ARTICLE 35. 

A general surveillance will be established to prevent robbery and swind- 
ling. 

The Foreign Commissioners must overlook and guard their respective 
sections. The persons whom they shall name for these functions must be 
approved of by the Commissioner General, and they must wear uniforms 
or badges, and can call in the aid of the French guards or policemen 
when necessary. 

ARTICLE 36. 

It is distinctly understood that the State will not be responsible for any 
thefts or swindling that may be committed. 

ARTICLE 37. 

According to the decree of the 4th September, 1876, (Appendix B) the 
goods in the Exhibition shall not be liable to Customs duties, nor to octroi 
of the City of Paris. 

ARTICLE 38. 

The manner in which goods shall be sent to the Exhibition ; how they 
will be received and arranged ; the formation and working of the Interna- 
tional Jury for Prizes, and the admission to the buildings, will be made 
known in due time. 

ARTICLE 39. 

All communications relative to the Exhibtion must be addressed to the 
" Senateur, Commissaire General de V Exposition Umversalle de 1878, 
a Paris." 
Within the postal districts of France prepayment is unnecessary. 

ARTICLE 40. 

Frenchmen as well as Foreigners by becoming Exhibitors agree, by that 
fact alone, to the above Rules and Regulations. 



9 
SYSTEM OF GENERAL CLASSIFICATION. 



FIRST GROUP. 

WORKS OF ART, 

CLASS i. 
Oil Paintings. 
Paintings on canvas, panel or other surfaces. 

CLASS 2, 

Paintings of different kinds and Drawings. 

Miniatures, Aquarelles, Pastels and Drawings of all kinds ; Paintings on 
enamel, china and porcelain, stained glass and frescos. 

CLASS 3, 

Carving and Engraving on Metals. 

Carving in alto and basso relievo ; also repousse and chisel Carving; 
Metals, Cameos, engraved Stones and Niellos. 

CLASS .*• 
Drawings and Models of Architecture. 

Studies and Fragments. Views and projects of buildings. Restorations 
from ruins or descriptions. 

CLASS 5. 
Engravings and Lithographs. 

Engravings *" en noir" and polychromes; Lithographs ' k ennoir," with 
pencil or brush ; Chromo-Lithographs. 



SECOND GROUP. 

EDUCATION AND INSTRUCTION-MATERIAL AND PRO- 
CESSES OF THE LIBERAL ARTS. 

CLASS 6. 
Education of Children — Primary Instruction — Instruction of 

Adults. 

Plans and models of orphan asylums, halls of asylums and kindergar- 
tens. Fixtures and furniture of such establishments. Material of in- 



IO 

struction adapted to the physical, moral and intellectual development of 
the child, up to the time it enters school. Plans and models of establish- 
ments of learning in city and in country ; fixtures and furniture of same. 
Materials of instruction. Books, maps, apparatus and models. Plans 
and models of establishments of learning for adults and for professional 
instruction. 

Materials for elementary instruction in music, singing, foreign lan- 
guages, political economy, practical agriculture and horticulture, tech- 
nology and drawing. Material for the instruction of the Blind and Deaf 
Mutes. 

Works of the Scholars. 

Libraries and Publications. 

CLASS 7. 
Organization and Material for advanced Instruction 

Plans and models of Lyceums, Gymnasiums, Colleges, Manufacturing 
and Commercial Schools. Fixtures and furniture of such establishments. 
Classical books, collections, charts and globes. Material for instruction 
in technology, science, the arts, drawing music and singing. 

Apparatus and methods for gymnastic and military exercises and fenc- 
ing. 

CLASS 8. 
Organization & Methods of and Material for Higher Instruction. 

Plans and models of academies, universities, medical schools, technical, 
practical and agricultural schools; observatories, scientific museums, am- 
phitheatres; laboratories for instruction and research. Furniture and 
fixtures of such establishments ; apparatus, collections and material for 
higher instruction and research. Scientific missions. 

J CLASS 9. 
Printing Establishments and Libraries. 

Specimens of typography ; proofs of lithography in black and colors; 
proofs of engravings. New books and new editions of such as are already 
known ; collections of works forming special libraries ; periodical publi- 
cations ; drawings, atlases and albums. 

CLASS 10. 
Stationery, Bookbinding. Materials for Printing and Drawing. 
Paper, cards and cardboard ; inks, chalk, pencils, pastels, office stationery, 



II 

articles for offices, ink-stands, letter-scales and copying presses* 
&c. 

Articles made of paper ; shades, lanterns , copybooks, albums, memo- 
randum books, bindings, movable binders, cases, &c. 

Products for water colors and aquarelles, colors in skins, tubes, shells, 
&c, Instruments and apparatus for painters, designers, engravers and 
modelers. 

CLASS ii. 
Ordinary applications of the Sciences to Drawing and Plastic. 

Industrial drawings ; designs obtained, reproduced or reduced by me- 
chanical processes ; decorative paintings, lithographs, chromo-lithographs, 
engravings for manufacturers, models and sketches for figures (maquettes,) 
ornaments, &c. 

Sculptured articles; cameos, seals and other objects engraved; objects 
in plastic obtained by mechanical process ; reductions, photo-sculpture, 
&c. Moulded articles. 

^ CLASS 12, 

Photographic Proofs and Apparatus. 

Photographs on paper, glass, wood, &c. ; heliographs, stereoscopes, &c. 
Instruments and material for photographers, &c. 

CLASS 13, 
Musical Instruments. 

Metallic wind instruments of all kinds ; organs and accordeons ; string 
instruments ; pianos, automatic and other musical instruments. Articles 
for the use of orchestras. 

CLASS 14. 

Medicine Hygiene and Public Assistance. 

Apparatus, instruments and material of every kind used in medicine, 
surgery and dentistry. Models and plans of asylums, hospitals, retreats, 
&c for the sick, insane, &c. Instrument cases for army, navy and for 
veterinary use. Ambulances, &c. 

^ CLASS 15. 
Instruments of Precision, 
Apparatus and instruments of geometry, topography, &c. Compasses, 



12 

barometers, calculating machines, measuring and dividing machines, scales, 
&c. Optical and astronomical instruments. Weights, measures, money 
and medals of all nations. 

CLASS 16. 
Geography, Cosmography. — Maps and Apparatus. 

Topographical, geographical, hydrographical and astronomical maps, 
atlases, globes, spheres, &c. 



THIRD GROUP. 

FURNITURE AND TRIMMINGS. 

CLASS 17. 
Ordinary and Fancy Furniture. 
Sideboards, bookcases, tables, beds, chairs,, billiards, &c. 

CLASS 18. 
Upholstery and Decorations. 

Bedding, curtains, hangings, etc. Furniture decorations of any material^ 
Frames. Religious decorations. 

v -CLASS 19. 

Crystal, Glassware and Window Glass. 

Table-glassware, cut, ground, etc.; bottles and common glassware; 
looking glass and window plates ; stained glass, mirrors, ornaments, etc. 

CLASS 20. 

Ceramics. 

Slabs, hard and soft porcelain; terra cotta, faience, chinaware, lava, 
brick, chalk, etc. 

CLASS 21. 
Carpets, Tapestry and Furniture Stuffs. 
Carpets; moquettes, felt, rubber, etc.; furniture coverings, hair, leather 
and oil cloths. 



CLASS 22. 
Paper Hangings. 

Printed, velveted, marbled papers; window shades ; paper for boxes, 
binding,>etc. 

CLASS 23. 
•J Cutlery. 
Knives, scissors, razors and other cutlery. 

y CLASS 24. 

Gold and Silver Ware. 

Religious, decorative and table ware; toilet articles; galvano-plastic 
ware. 

CLASS 25. 
Artistic Bronzes, Castings and Repousse Work in Metals. 

Statues and bas-reliefs in bronze, iron, zinc, etc. ; repousses in copper, 
lead, etc. 

CLASS 26. 

Watches and Clocks. 

Watches, chronometers, pedometers, etc. ; spring and weight clocks, 
regulators, astronomical and electric clocks, etc. 

CLASS 27. 
Heating and Lighting Apparatus and Processes. 

Chimneys, mantels, stoves, heaters and kitchen heating apparatus; water, 
steam and hot air heaters ; flues, ventilators, lamps, matches, etc. 

J CLASS 28. 
Perfumery. 
Cosmetics and pomades, oils, extracts, powders, soaps, etc. 

CLASS 29. 

Leather Ware, Fancy and Willow Ware. 

Fancy and liquor cases, glove boxes, cigar cases, etc. ; ivory and shell 
goods, pipes, snuff-boxes ; combs, brushes and toilette articles; baskets, 
willow and lacquer ware. 

7 



H 

FOURTH GROUP. 

WOVEN GOODS, CLOTHING AND TRIMMINGS. 

CLASS 30. 
* Cotton Yarn and Cotton Goods. 
Cotton thread, pure and mixed cotton goods ; cotton velvets and ribbons. 

CLASS 31. 
Hemp arid Flax Yarns and Goods 
Threads and woven goods — pure and mixed, etc. 

CLASS 32. 
Combed Wool Yarn and Goods. 

Combed Wool and Wool Yarns; mousselines, cashmeres, merinos, etc. 
Ribbons and stuffs of wool mixed with cotton, silk, etc. 

J CLASS 33. 
Carded Wool Yarns and Goods, 
Carded wool and yarns and cloths. Covers, felt, flannel, etc. 

CLASS 34. 
Silk and Silk Goods. 

Raw and thrown silk and thread; pure and mixed silk goods, ribbons, 
etc. 

\l CLASS 35. 
Shawls. 
Wool, cashmere silk and other shawls. 

CLASS 36, 
Laces, Tulles, Embroideries and Trimmings, 
Laces of every description and manufacture. Embroideries, tapestry 
and other handwork. Trimmings for military equipments and other 
trimmings. 

J CLASS 37, 
Hosiery and Furnishing Goods. 

Hosiery of every kind. Furnishing goods for men, women and children. 
Corsets, gloves, fans, umbrellas, parasols, canes, etc. 



• / CLASS gS. 

Clothing for Either Sex. 

Men's arid Women's clothing; flowers and feathers ; wigs, &c; boots 
shoes, infants' clothes &c. 

CLASS 39- 
^ Jewelry. 

Gold or other precious jewelry and imitation. Diamonds, precious 
stones, corals &c. 

/ CLASS 40. 
Weapons. 

Defensive weapons, cuirasses, sabres, bayonets, lances, hunting knives, 
etc. Firearms and everything appertaining to arms of any description. 

v CLASS 41. 
Articles for Travelers and the Camp. 

Trunks, valises, blankets, shoes, canes, etc. Portable apparatus for 
photographers, scientific exhibitions, etc.; folding beds, hammocks, etc. 

/ CLASS 42. 
Toys. 
Dolls and ^ames for children and adults. 



FIFTH GROUP. 

RAW AND MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS ("INDUSTRIES 
EXTRACTIVES,") 

CLASS 43. 
Products from Mines.— Metallurgy. 

Collections and samples of rocks, minerals, etc. ; explosive minerals 
coal, bitumen, etc. ; raw metals ; iron, steel, copper, etc.; refined metal, 
gold leaf, etc. ; metals for buildings ; locksmiths' and wheelwrights work, 
chains, etc.; needles, pins, screws, household goods and every description 
of metal work. 



i6 

CLASS 44. 
Products of Forests. 

Samples of extracts from wood, plants, etc. ; wood of every kind and 
use; textile barks ; coloring, scenting and resinous madders, etc.; char- 
coal, etc. Wooden ware. 

CLASS 45- 
Products, Engines and Instruments of Hunting and Fishing 

and Collections. 

Collections and drawings of land and sea animals ; mollusks, etc. Furs, 
feathers, horns and like articles ; whale oil and bone, shells, pearls, corals, 
sponges, etc.; mushrooms, truffles, cereals and grain; wax, india rubber, 
etc. ; fish lines and hooks, harpoons, nets, etc. 

CLASS 46. 

Agricultural Non-alimentary Products. 

Textile articles; raw cotton, wool, etc. ; cocoons ; products for manu- 
facturing, pharmaceutical and household purposes ; oleaginous plants, oils, 
rosins, etc. ; tobacco in leaves and manufactured; tinder; feed of all 
kinds. 

CLASS 47, 
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products. 

Acids, Alkalis, salts, etc. ; wax and fatty substances ; soaps and candles ; 
resins, tar, etc. ; manufacturers of india rubber and gutta percha, coloring 
and dye stuffs, mineral waters, medicines, etc. 

CLASS 48. 

Chemical Processes for Dying, Bleaching, Printing and 

Finishing. 

Samples of bleached and dyed yarns and stuffs, etc. of printed and dyed 
cloths, cotton, wool or silk — pure or mixed — and of printed carpet and 
felt, and of oil cloths. 

CLASS 49. 

Leather and Hides. 

Articles used for their preparation ; tanned, dyed and other leather for 
all uses; parchment ; strings for musical instruments. 



i-7 

SIXTH GROUP. 

TOOLS AND PROCESSES OF MECHANICAL INDUSTRIES. 

/ CLASS 50. 
Materials and Processes for the Working of Mines — Metallurgy. 

Materials for boring for artesian and other wells, explosives for mines ; 
models, sections, etc. of mines and working machinery ; pumps, ventila- 
tors, lamps, signals, etc. ; apparatus for foundries, smelting furnaces, etc. 
Materials for workshops. 

^ CLASS si. 

Materials and Processes for the Working of Farms and Forests. 

Tilliage, drainage, irrigation, etc.; plans and models of farm houses; 
tools, instruments and machines for planting, reaping, etc. ; agricultural 
implements — steam and others; fertilizers ; plans and systems of planting 
trees; materials for use in forests (woods) ; materials and machines for 
manufacturing tobacco, 

CLASS 52. 

Materials and Processes for the Preparation of Farm Pro- 
ducts and Alimentary Articles. 

Artificial manures, drain pipes ; cheese and butter factories, etc. : brew- 
eries, distilleries, sugar refineries, etc. Kneading machines, ovens, bakers' 
and confectioners' tools; machines for making dough, biscuits and 
chocolate and for roasting coffee and for making ices, ice creams, etc 

CLASS 53. 
Chemists,' Druggists' and Tanners' Materials. 
Tools and apparatus for laboratories and such as used in the manufac- 
ture of chemicals, soaps, candles, essences, varnishes, rubber, gas, leather, 
drugs, glass, china, etc.; experimental instruments, 

CLASS 54. 

General Machinery and Apparatus. 

Supports, eccentrics, parallelograms, joints, belts, regulators, moderators 
and all kinds of detached machinery. Oiling apparatus, counters and 
registers, dynamometers, manometers ; apparatus for weighing and gaug- 
ing liquids, gas, etc.; hydraulic, elevators, pumps, rams, etc. ; turbine and 



other water wheels ; boilers, generators and other steam machinery ; con- 
densors; ether, chloroform, gas, hot and condensed air and combination 
machiner) , etc. ; windmills, etc. 

/ CLASS 55, 

Machines Serving as Tools 

Machines for making barrels and preparing wood for work, cutting 
corks, etc. ; planing, mortising, cutting, riveting and like machinery; tools 
used in machine shops, ; instruments for pressing, carving, polishing, etc. 

CLASS 56. 

Spinning and Rope Making Materials and Processes. 

Materials, apparatus and machinery for textile articles both for prepar- 
ing and finishing ; ropes, cords, strings ; metallic cables ; wicks, &c. 

CLASS 57. 

Weaving Materials and Processes. 

Machines for warp and bobbins, etc. ; ordinary and steam looms for 
plain, embroidered and other stuffs, carpets and trimmings, and for hosiery, 
laces, etc. Apparatus used in the entire process of making and finishing 
woven stuffs. 

; ' CLASS 58. 

Material and Processes for Sewing and Making Wearing 

Apparel. 

Ordinary tools used in factories; sewing, embroidering, and other ma- 
chines; shears, etc. ; machines for hand, peg and screw shoes, and for the 
application of rubber, etc. 

CLASS 59. 

Material and Processes for Making Household Furniture. 

Wood sawing and cutting machines and machines for mouldings, pictine 
frame wood and flooring; for stamping, stucco work, ivory, bone and the 
like; carpenters' and cabinetmakers' lathes and tools; brick, slab and 
artificial stone making machines and for sawing and polishing stone, mar- 
ble, etc. 



r 9 

CLASS 60. 
Materials for Paper Making, for Dying and for Printing. 

-Wood, straw and alpha papers — material and products; apparatus for 
glazing, cutting, stamping and ruling papers ; dying and finishing ma- 
terials, printing rollers, materials used for printing, stereotyping and litho- 
graphing ; typefounding and setting machines. Copies of bank notes* 
stamps, &c. 

CLASS 61. 

Miscellaneous* Machines, Instruments, etc. 

Coin presses ; machines for binding and writing and for making but- 
tons, feathers, pins, envelopes, etc., and for corking of bottles. Watch- 
makers' and other tools and implements. 

CLASS 62. 
Carriages and Wagons. 

Wheels, tires, bolts, etc.; springs; wagons, trucks and other vehicles; 
public and private carriages, sleighs, velocipedes, chairs, etc. 

^ CLASS 63. 
Harness and Saddlery. 
Saddles, bridles, harness, etc. ; stirrups, spurs, whips, etc. 

J CLASS 64. 

Railroad Materials. 

Springs, brakes, etc. ; rails, switches, turntables, signals, freight, passen- 
ger and other cars, etc. Locomotives and tenders; machines and tools 
for building and repair shops ; models and designs for depots, stations, 
etc. : general railroad material. 

CLASS 65. 

Telegraph Materials and Processes. 

For the transmission of sound, light, etc. ; poles, conductors, etc. ; bell 
and signal telegraphs; military and compressed air telegraphs, and gene- 
ral telegraph material. 

CLASS 66, 
Civil Engineering — Public Works — Architecture. 
Building material — stone, wood, iron, etc ; mortar, cement, brick ; slate. 



20 

felt and other roofing ; tools and apparatus for stone cutters, carpenters, 
plumbers, painters, etc. ; locks, gates, balconies, balustrades, building 
engines, screws, pumps, hydraulics, etc. for seaports, canals, rivers, etc.; gas 
and water leaders ; models and plans for bridges, viaducts, aqueducts, 
sewers, sluices, etc. ; lighthouses, hotels, mansions, workmen's and other 
houses. 

CLASS 67. 
Navigation and Life Saving. 

Drawings and models of quays, basins, floating docks, etc. ; vessels of 
every description for river and ocean navigation and the navy ; boats, 
rigging, signals, buoys, diving and life saving apparatus, etc. 

CLASS 68. 
Military Art 

Engineering and fortifications ; artillery, arms, projectiles, equipments, 
clothing; materials for transportation ; topography and geography. 



SEVENTH GROUP. 
ALIMENTARY PRODUCTS. 

CLASS 69. 

Cereals, Farinaceous Products and their Derivatives. 

Wheat, corn, rice and other flours and meals ; tapioca, sago, etc. ; ver- 
micellis, macaronis, alimentary preparations of every kind. Cereals. 

CLASS 70. 

Bakeries— Bread and Cakes. 

Plain and ornamental bread, with or without leaven, for voyages, cam- 
paigns, etc. ; sea biscuits ; cakes, " patisserie," conserved bread and cakes. 

CLASS 71. 

Fatty Alimentary Substances.— Milk— Eggs. 

Greases and oils for the household ; fresh and preserved milk ; cheese ; 
eggs of every kind. 



21 

CLASS 72. 

Meat and Fish. 

Salt, and preserved meats; hams, fowl, game, etc.; fish salt, and pre- 
served in oil ; lobsters, oysters, etc. 

CLASS 73. 

Vegetables and Fruits. 

Potatoes, beans, cabbages, turnips, onions, salads, melons, preserved- 
vegetables ; fresh, dried and prepared fruits of every kind. 

CLASS 74. 
Condiments and Stimulants. Sugar and Confectionary. 

Pepper, cinnamon, salt, vinegar, mustards, sauces, teas, coffees, sugars, 
etc. ; confectionary of all kinds ; citron, lemon, orange and other pre- 
serves ; brandy fruits ; syrups and sweet liquors. 

CLASS 75. 
Fermented Drinks. 

Red and white wines; cider; grain extracts and other drinks ; brandy? 
alcohol, rum, gin, kirsch, etc. 



EIGHTH GROUP. 

AGRICULTURE AND PISCICULTURE. 

CLASS 76. 

Farms — Arrangements — Buildings. 

Specimens of farm houses end buildings for the keeping of horses, cows, 
sheep, hogs, etc. ; staple material ; steam ploughs, mowers, thrashers, etc ; 
distilleries, breweries, etc. for farm use ; wine, cider and oil presses, etc. 

CLASS 77. 
Horses — Asses— Mules, &c. 
Specimens of breeds. 

CLASS 78. 
Oxen— Buffalos, &e, 
Specimens of breeds. 



22 

CLASS 79. 
Sheep — Goats. 
Specimens of breeds. 

CLASS So. 
Hogs— Rabbits, &c. 
Specimens of breeds. 

CLASS 81. 

Fowl. 

Specimens of breeds. 

Chicken, pigeon and pheasant houses. Apparatus for artificial hatching. 

CLASS 82. 
Dogs* 

Shepherds', watch, hunting and pet dogs. 
Kennels; appliances for training dogs. 

CLASS 83, 

Insects — Useful and Injurious. 

Bees, silkworms and like insects; cochineals; materials for the raising 
and preservation of bees and silkworms ; materials and processes for the 
destruction of injurious insects. 

CLASS 84. 
Fish — Crustaceans — Mollusks 

Useful living aquatic animals ; aquariums ; materials for raising fish, 
shell-fish and leaches. 



NINTH GROUP. 

HORTICULTURE. 

CLASS 85. 

Hothouses and Materials for Horticulture. 

Gardeners', nurserymen's and horticulturists' utensils; apparatus for 
sprinkling and preserving lawns; large hothouses; small ones for rooms 
and windows ; aquariums for aquatic plants ; fountains and garden orna- 
ments. 



23 

CLASS 86. 

Flowers and Ornamental Plants 

Species of plants and specimens peculiar to the gardens and houses of 
the different countries. 

CLASS 87. 

^ Edible Plants. 
Species of plants and specimens peculiar to the kitchen gardens of the 
different countries. 

CLASS 88. 
Fruits and Fruit Trees. 

Species of plants and specimens of products peculiar to the orchards 
of the different countries. 

CLASS 89. 

Seeds and Plants of Forest Growth. 

Species of plants and specimens of products of culture peculiar to the 
processes for the propagation of forests of the different countries. 

CLASS 90. 
Hothouse Plants. 

Specimens of the culture adopted in different countries for beauty and 
use. 



24 



APPENDIX A. 



Law of 23d May, r868, relating to the protection of Patentable Inventions 
and Trade Marks admitted to Public Exhibition throughout the 
Empire. 



ARTICLE 1, 



Any Frenchman or foreigner, the discoverer or inventor of any object 
patentable according to the law of July 5, 1844, or proprietor of any 
trade mark which might be entered according to the law of March 18, 
1806, may, for himself or assignees, if they are admitted to any public ex- 
hibition authorized by the government, demand from the Perfect or Sub- 
perfect of the department or arrondissement where such exhibition is 
held, a Certificate describing the article exhibited. 

ARTICLE 2. 

Such certificate guarantees to him who holds it, the same rights as 
would a patent for an invention or the entry of a trade mark, from the day 
of admission to the end of the third month after the close of the exhibi- 
tion, though he may procure either before the expiration of that time. 

ARTICLE 3. 

The demand for such certificate must be made at latest within one 
month after the opening of the exhibition and must be addressed to the 
Perfect or Sub-perfect, accompanied by a full description of the article 
in question or a plan or drawing of the same. 



Such certificate shall be issued free of charge. 



25 



APPENDIX B. 



CUSTOMS REGULATIONS FOR GOODS SENT TO THE 
PARIS EXHIBITION OF 1878. 



Decree of September 4, 1876. 



ARTICLE i, 



The space devoted to the Exhibition shall be considered a Customs 
Depot. 

Articles intended for the exhibition shall be sent directly to the Palace 
either by international or ordinary route, as the interested party may 
choose, and shall be exempted from statistical duty. 

ARTICLE 2. 

If sent by International route no examination will be made ; if by 
ordinary route they will be examined, though not closely, and sealed by 
the customhouse free of charge. 

ARTICLE 3. 

Goods — no matter of what origin — sent to the Exhibition and then en- 
tered for consumption, shall only pay the lowest rate of duty paid on the 
same articles by the most favored nation. 



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